Nonetheless, it is concerning that almost 10% of colorectal cancers now affect people younger than 50 years old around the world (though rates have also risen in the over-50s). Uterine (endometrial) and testicular cancer are two other conditions with more young people affected. Overnutrition and obesity may be one contributory explanation for this, so addressing these risk factors is a recommendable strategy.

Overall results fail to detect a worthwhile benefit from routine inclusion of chemotherapy for women over 70 with high-risk ER-positive HER2-negative breast cancer. However, safety analyses favored the patient cohort randomised to receive no chemotherapy.

Caution is needed when interpreting an improvement in disease-free survival (DFS), which is not the same as overall survival (OS). In this study, however, the remarkable (near 30%) improvement in DFS also appeared associated with a 7% improvement in OS. These effects of a structured 3-year exercise program following adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer suggest a significant reduction of cancer death risk due to exercise.

Medium-risk breast cancer treated with both mastectomy and drugs failed to benefit from additional radiation therapy

Adding immunotherapy to conventional treatment increases survival in head & neck cancer patients

Patients with high-risk skin cancers live longer if immunotherapy is added to radiation and surgery